Public space and pandemic
Analysis methodology in Santurce, Puerto Rico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18861/ania.2022.12.2.3298Keywords:
Habitability, public health, sustainability, urban designAbstract
Given the challenge that cities face due to COVID-19 and its variants, it is essential to recognize public space as a recreational environment necessary for people's emotional and physical health. Considering the emotional wear and tear that confinement can cause to prevent contagion, this article presents the results of an investigation aimed at generating a tool for evaluating public space in relation to its qualities to respond to the needs of leisure and recreation in all time, including times of pandemic. In Puerto Rico, there is a lack of public spaces equipped with the necessary facilities to provide the benefits expected from a space for common use and guarantee the prevention and control of the spread of COVID-19. This research analyzes the public spaces of the Santurce district (including the Condado and Miramar sectors) in San Juan, Puerto Rico; in order to recognize their ability to contribute to the physical and emotional health of people and at the same time respond to the challenges posed by pandemics. As a result of this research, a theoretical - methodological instrument is proposed to evaluate the public spaces of Santurce in terms of sustainability and the ability to respond to the challenge posed by the current pandemic.
Downloads
References
Borja, J. & Muxi, Z. (2000). El Espacio Público, Ciudad y Ciudadanía. Diputació de Barcelona, Xarxa de Municipis : Electa, Cop.
CDC. (2020). “COVID-19 Overview and Infection Prevention and Control Priorities in Non-US Healthcare Settings.” Centre for Disease Control and Prevention.
Census Bureau. (2019). American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. Retrieved from Census Reporter Profile Page for Santurce Barrio, San Juan Municipio, PR.” http://censusreporter.org/profiles/06000US7212779693-santurce-barrio-san-juan-municipio-pr/.
Col, Eliseo. (2020). “Santurce Vive Al Ritmo Del Coronavirus.”
Dix, Gerald. (1983). “Review of A Theory of Good City Form by Kevin Lynch.” The Town Planning Review.
Gehl architects. 2020. “Public Space & Public Life Study during COVID19.” Ghel People, no. March.
Gehl, Jan. 2010. “Cities for People.” Places. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004.
———. 2021. “Adaptive Public Space A COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF SEVEN SITES IN,” no. March.
Krishnamurthy, Sukanya. (2019). “Reclaiming Spaces: Child Inclusive Urban Design.” Cities and Health 3 (1–2). https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2019.1586327.
Lak, Azadeh, Reihaneh Aghamolaei, Hamid R. Baradaran, and Phyo K. Myint. (2019). “Development and Validation of Elder-Friendly Urban Spaces Questionnaire (Efusq).” BMC Geriatrics 19 (1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-019-1355-0.
Lizardi Pollock Jorge L. (2012). “Espacios Ambivalentes: Historias y Olvidos En La Arquitectura Moderna.” In Introducción: De Sueños Globales a Distopías Locales.”.
Ljiljana Cavic and Jose Beirao. (2020). “Open Public Space Attributes and Categories - Complexity and Measurability.”
Martínez-Taboas, A. (2020). “Pandemias, COVID-19 y Salud Mental: ¿Qué Sabemos Actualmente? Revista Caribeña de Psicología.” Revista Caribeña de Psicología 4 (2): 143–52. https://doi.org/10.37226/rcp.v4i2.4907.
Ordóñez-Camblor, Juan Pablo Pizarro-Ruiz & Nuria. (2021). “Effects of Covid-19 Confinement on the Mental Health of Children and Adolescents in Spain.” Scientific Reports, no. 11.
Orús, Abigail. (2021). “Casos Confirmados de Coronavirus En El Mundo Por Continente 2021 | Statista.” Statista. 2021.
Pasquale, Concetta De, Matteo Chiappedi, Federica Sciacca, Valentina Martinelli, and Zira Hichy. (2021). “Online Videogames Use and Anxiety in Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic.” Children 8 (3). https://doi.org/10.3390/children8030205.
“Perfil PR y El Mundo 2021.” (2021). In . San Juan, PR: Gobierno de Puerto Rico.
Pirlea, A. F., U. Serajuddin, D. Wadhwa, M. Welch and A. Whitby. (2020). Atlas of the Sustainable Development Goals 2020: From World Development Indicators. Edited by World Bank.
Plataforma Arquitectura. (2013). “Nuevo Contexto Urbano, Espacios Públicos Flexibles: 10 Principios Básicos.” Plataforma Arquitectura. 2013. https://www.plataformaarquitectura.cl/cl/02-308620/nuevo-contexto-urbano-espacios-publicos-flexibles-10-principios-basicos.
Rueda, Salvador. (2011). “El Urbanismo Ecológico.” Territorio, Urbanismo, Sostenibilidad, Paisaje, Diseño Urbano.
Sepúlveda-Rivera, Anibal & Carbonell, Jorge. (1988). Cangrejos-Santurce : Historia Ilustrada de Su Desarrollo Urbano (1519-1950). 2. ed. Viejo San Juan P.R.: Centro de Investigaciones CARIMAR Oficina Estatal de Preservación Histórica. http://www.worldcat.org/title/cangrejos-santurce-historia-ilustrada-de-su-desarrollo-urbano-1519-1950/oclc/26398917#.W0kXfKpqg5g.mendeley.
State Data Center de Puerto Rico (SDC-PR).( 2021). “No Title.” https://censo.estadisticas.pr/node/194.
Unicef España, Ciudades Amigas de la Infancia, and Child Friendly Cities Initiative. (2020). “Cuadernos Para La Acción Local.” UNICEF España, 1–23.
USGBC. (2019). “LEED v4 CREDITS for Building Design and Construction.” LEED Publications, 147. https://www.usgbc.org/resources/leed-v4-building-design-and-construction-current-version.
World Health Organization. (2016). “Urban Green Spaces and Health: A Review of Evidence.” WHO Regional Office for Europe.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 María Helena Luengo-Duque, Omayra Rivera Crespo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The journal and its contents are licensed under the Creative Commons - Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). It is possible to copy, communicate and publicly distribute its content as long as the individual authors and the name of this publication are cited, as well as the publishing institution (Universidad ORT Uruguay).
