O papel da tecnologia de Casas Inteligentes na definição das preferências habitacionais da zillennial na área metropolitana de Jacarta, Indonésia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18861/ania.2025.15.2.4054Palavras-chave:
tecnologia de casa inteligente, geração zillennial, tendências de habitação urbana, países em desenvolvimento, tendências arquitetônicas, Área Metropolitana de Jacarta (JMA)Resumo
Este estudo investiga a adoção de tecnologias de casas inteligentes entre a Geração Zillennial na Regiao Metropolitana de Jacarta (JMA), a maior aglomeração urbana da Indonésia e uma das mais densamente povoadas do mundo. Representando 24,3% da população nacional, os Zillennials estáo emergindo como um grupo demográfico-chave no mercado habitacional, caracterizado por dependência tecnológica e expectativas de estilo de vida em transformação. A pesquisa utilizou um método de levantamento por questionário e aplicou uma versão estendida do Modelo de Aceitação de Tecnologia (TAM) e da Teoria Unificada de Aceitação e Uso de Tecnologia (UTAUT), conforme desenvolvido por Mashal et al. (2020–2023), para explorar as influências sociodemográficas nas percepções sobre casas inteligentes. Os resultados revelam três principais insights: alta conscientização do mercado em todos os níveis de renda; o tamanho do domicílio como fator moderador; e maior adoção nos extremos do espectro residencial, entre moradores de habitações compactas e de residências amplas. Apesar do crescente corpo de pesquisas sobre tecnologias de casas inteligentes, pouca atenção tem sido dada ao grupo Zillennial. Teoricamente, este estudo contribui ao contextualizar o TAM e o UTAUT dentro das dinâmicas socioculturais dos Zillennials em um contexto urbano em desenvolvimento. Na prática, oferece recomendações baseadas em evidências para o design de soluções habitacionais inteligentes inclusivas e sensíveis ao perfil demográfico em áreas de urbanização acelerada como a JMA.
Downloads
Referências
Alam, M.R., Reaz, M.B.I., Ali, M.A.M. (2012). A Review of Smart Homes—Past, Present, and Future. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C (Applications and Reviews) 42, 1190–1203. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSMCC.2012.2189204.
Annur, C.M. (2023, October 17). Penduduk Indonesia Tembus 278 Juta Jiwa hingga Pertengahan 2023 [Indonesia's population will reach 278 million by mid-2023]. Retrieved from https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2023/07/13/penduduk-indonesia-tembus-278-juta-jiwa-hingga-pertengahan-2023.
Baillie, L., & Benyon, D. (2008). Place and Technology in the Home. Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) 17, 227–256. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10606-007-9063-2.
Bassiouni, D.H., & Hackley, C. (2014). Generation Z children’s adaptation to digital consumer culture: A critical literature review. Journal of Customer Behaviour 13, 113–133. https://doi.org/10.1362/147539214X14024779483591.
Bijolia, D. (2022, October 11). Diary Of A Zillennial: What It’s Like Being A Middle Child Of A Generational Divide. Retrieved from https://homegrown.co.in/homegrown-creators/diary-of-a-zillenial-what-its-like-being-a-middle-child-of-a-generational-divide.
Bitterman, N., & Shach-Pinsly, D. (2015). Smart home – a challenge for architects and designers. Architectural Science Review 58, 266–274. https://doi.org/10.1080/00038628.2015.1034649.
BPS. (2023). Jumlah Penduduk Usia 15 tahun ke Atas Menurut Golongan Umur 2021-2022 [Number of Population Aged 15 Years and Over According to Age Group 2021-2022]. Badan Pusat Statistik [Central Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Indonesia]. Retrieved from https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/6/715/1/jumlah-penduduk-usia-15-tahun-ke-atas-menurut-golongan-umur.html.
Choi, J., Lee, H.J., Sajjad, F., Lee, H. (2014). The influence of national culture on the attitude towards mobile recommender systems. Technological Forecasting and Social Change 86, 65–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2013.08.012.
De Ruyck, O., Conradie, P., De Marez, L., Saldien, J. (2019). User Needs in Smart Homes: Changing Needs According to Life Cycles and the Impact on Designing Smart Home Solutions. In Lamas, D., Loizides, F., Nacke, L., Petrie, H., Winckler, M., Zaphiris, P. (Eds.), Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2019, Lecture Notes in Computer Science (pp. 536–551). Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29384-0_33.
Diaz, A. (2023, May 10). Who are ‘zillennials’? Meet the microgeneration between millennials and Gen Z. Retrieved from https://nypost.com/2023/05/10/who-are-zillennials-meet-the-microgeneration-between-millennials-and-gen-z/.
Fields, J. (2021). A View of the Future from the Broad Top: Reaching, Connecting, and Engaging with Zillennials in Rural Pennsylvania. (Doctoral dissertation, George Fox University, Portland, USA).
Gaikwad, P.P., Gabhane, J.P., Golait, S.S. (2015). A survey based on Smart Homes system using Internet-of-Things. International Conference on Computation of Power, Energy, Information and Communication (ICCPEIC). Melmaruvathur, Chennai, India, pp. 0330–0335. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCPEIC.2015.7259486.
Governor of the Special Capital Region of Jakarta Decree No. 829 of 2024 concerning the Provincial Minimum Wage for the Year 2025 Retrieved from https://jdih.jakarta.go.id/dokumen/detail/14171.
Hargreaves, T., Wilson, C., Hauxwell-Baldwin, R. (2018). Learning to live in a smart home. Building Research & Information 46, 127–139. https://doi.org/10.1080/09613218.2017.1286882.
Hartmans, A. (2023, January 18). Meet the 'zillennials,' who grew up online, live with their parents, and have retailers chasing their disposable income. Retrieved from https://www.businessinsider.com/zillennial-lives-with-parents-spends-on-luxury-goods-2023-1.
Hofman, E., Halman, J.I.M., Ion, R.A. (2006). Variation in Housing Design: Identifying Customer Preferences. Housing Studies 21, 929–943. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673030600917842.
Israel, G.D. (1992). Determining Sample Size. University of Florida, Fact Sheed PEOD-6.
Jannah, N., & Muliatie, Y.E. (2023). How To Green Product And Ethical Living For Zillenial Generation Ladynability In Surabaya City ?. International Journal of Global Accounting, Management, Education, and Entrepreneurship 4, 129–134. https://doi.org/10.48024/ijgame2.v4i1.111.
Kaufman, A. (2023, May 18). Move over Millennials and Gen Z, there's a new generation in town: Meet Zillennials. Retrieved from https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2023/05/18/is-zillennial-a-real-thing/70207436007/.
Kolb, E. (2019, July 11). 75,000 people per square mile? These are the most densely populated cities in the world. Retrieved from https://www.usatoday.com/picture-gallery/news/world/2019/07/11/the-50-most-densely-populated-cities-in-the-world/39664445/.
Kolny, B. (2023). Young Consumers Towards an Ecological Approach to Life in the Age of Smart Homes and Devices. Marketing of Scientific and Research Organizations 47, 105–126. https://doi.org/10.2478/minib-2023-0006.
Lee, L.N., & Kim, M.J. (2020). A Critical Review of Smart Residential Environments for Older Adults With a Focus on Pleasurable Experience. Frontiers in Psychology 10, 3080. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.03080.
Magalhaes, M. (2023). Did We Forget An Entire Audience? The Zillennials. Retrieved from https://forty8creates.com/did-we-forget-an-entire-audience-the-zillennials/.
Mashal, I., Shuhaiber, A., Daoud, M., 2020. Factors influencing the acceptance of smart homes in Jordan. International Journal Electronic Marketing and Retailing 11, 113–142.
Mashal, I., Shuhaiber, A., AL-Khatib, A.W., 2023. User acceptance and adoption of smart homes: A decade long systematic literature review. 10.5267/j.ijdns 7, 533–552. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.ijdns.2023.3.017
Melcher, K. (2021, July 21). Opendoor 2021 report: Achieving the American dream. Retrieved from https://www.opendoor.com/articles/achieving-the-american-dream.
Nakagawa, K., & Yellowlees, P. (2020). Inter-generational Effects of Technology: Why Millennial Physicians May Be Less at Risk for Burnout Than Baby Boomers. Current Psychiatry Reports 22, 45. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-020-01171-2.
Owens, B. (2022, November 16). Who are the Zillennials? (And why should brands care?). Retrieved from https://whiplash.com/blog/who-are-zillenials/.
Rawat, D., & Rawat, K. (2023). A Study of Zillennials in Uttarakhand Using RStudio, Journal of Graphic Era University. https://doi.org/10.13052/jgeu0975-1416.1021.
SECOM (2023, May 1). Smart Home Makin Diminati, Tapi Penuh Tantangan [Smart Homes Are Increasingly Popular, But Full of Challenges]. Retrieved from https://secom.co.id/id/smart-home-makin-diminati-tapi-penuh-tantangan/.
Singh, A.S., & Masuku, M.B. (2014). Sampling Techniques & Determination Of Sample Size In Applied Statistics Research: An Overview. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management 2-11.
Stromberg, N. (2020). Gen Y needs places to stay, prefers smart homes. Retrieved from https://sensative.com/gen-y-need-places-to-stay-smart-home/.
Strzalka, K.B. (2019). What are the students’ housing preferences? A case study of Lublin, Poland. Stockholm, Sweden. Kth Royal Institute Of Technology School Of Architecture And The Built Environment. Degree Project, Second Cycle, 30 Credits.
Suresh, T. (2022). The Zillennial Generation and the Modern Workplace: Enabling the Right Culture Fit. SIBM Pune Research Journal XXV, 63–64. https://doi.org/10.53739/samvad/2022/v25/172597.
The World Bank. (2023). The World Bank in Indonesia. Retrieved from: https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/indonesia/overview
Twenge, J.M. (2023). Generations. (3rd ed.). New York: Atria Books.
Wahyudi, H. (2023, August 1). Gen Z Indonesia: Budaya Pop, Metroseksual, dan Masa Depan Identitas Kebangsaan [Gen Z Indonesia: Pop Culture, Metrosexuals, and the Future of National Identity]. Retrieved from https://kumparan.com/s-heru/gen-z-indonesia-budaya-pop-metroseksual-dan-masa-depan-identitas-kebangsaan-20uEteDOMUF/3.
Widi, H. (2023, December 12). Biaya Hidup Naik, Rp 14,88 Juta Per Bulan di Jakarta [Cost of Living Rises to Rp 14.88 Million Per Month in Jakarta]. Retrieved from https://www.kompas.id/artikel/en-dalam-empat-tahun-terakhir-biaya-hidup-naik-rp-1-juta-rp-15-juta.
White Hutchinson (February, 2023). Zillennials and their disposable income. White Hutchinson Vol. XXIII no. 2. Retrieved from https://www.whitehutchinson.com/news/lenews/2023/february/article104.shtml
Wilson, C., Hargreaves, T., Hauxwell-Baldwin, R. (2017). Benefits and risks of smart home technologies. Energy Policy 103, 72–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2016.12.047.
Yang, H., Lee, W., Lee, H. (2018). IoT Smart Home Adoption: The Importance of Proper Level Automation. Journal of Sensors 2018, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/6464036.
Zerr-Korolev, M. (2022). Recruiting the New Generations: Gen Z and “Zillennials”. Retrieved from https://cssienroll.com/blog/Recruiting-GenZ_and_Zillennials.html.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2025 Mewan Indra, Arif Kusumawanto, Agus Hariyadi
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
El contenido de los artículos publicados es responsabilidad exclusiva de sus autores y no reflejan necesariamente las opiniones del Comité Editorial, ni de los evaluadores.
La revista Anales de Investigación en Arquitectura preserva los derechos de los autores, que son adoptados por Comité Editorial para su publicación. Los autores declaran que el trabajo presentado es inédito y no ha sido publicado en una revista científica o en una monografía.
La revista Anales de Investigación en Arquitectura proporciona un acceso abierto a sus contenidos, basados en el principio de la licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0 International License, que ofrece al público un acceso libre a las investigaciones para ayudar a un mayor intercambio global del conocimiento.
