¿Nativos digitales? Percepción de habilidades en niños y niñas de zonas rurales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18861/cied.2023.14.1.3282Palabras clave:
internet, educación rural, brecha digital, smartphones, pandemiaResumen
Los niños de zonas rurales se han enfrentado históricamente a severas desventajas tanto en el ámbito educativo como en el digital. La pandemia de COVID-19 ha sido un recordatorio de las barreras que deben sortear debido a la inestable señal de internet, carencias de dispositivos y habilidades digitales. Por ello este trabajo discute el concepto de nativos digitales, es decir, la creencia de que los menores de edad, independiente de sus circunstancias, gozan de habilidades digitales que les permite hacer uso de internet sin necesidad de guías o instrucción previa. Desde una perspectiva cualitativa se analizan discursos y construcciones sociales sobre el rol de internet en la vida diaria a niños de entre 11 y 12 años, a través de la entrevista en tríadas a los menores, sus madres y profesores jefes, además de los directivos de escuelas en cuatro localidades rurales en Chile durante el segundo año de la pandemia. Los principales hallazgos muestran que, a pesar de ser parte de un grupo desfavorecido y la precariedad de la conexión a internet, todos los participantes tienen acceso a teléfonos inteligentes desde una edad temprana. No obstante, los adultos de su entorno educativo tienden a coincidir que el escaso desarrollo de habilidades digitales obstaculiza su proceso de aprendizaje remoto, a pesar de que los niños presentan confianza en el uso de dispositivos.
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