A study case in southern Chile: perceptions of EFL teachers towards textbooks to develop macro-skills

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18861/cied.2025.16.1.3837

Keywords:

teacher perceptions, EFL textbooks, macro skills, language development, pedagogical practices

Abstract

This research project aims to gain a better understanding of the perceptions of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers regarding the efficacy of textbooks provided by the Ministry of Education to support the development of macro skills among students from public high schools in the Los Lagos region of Chile. This study was carried out by implementing a mixed qualitative and quantitative survey-based approach, including both close-ended and open-ended questions. The survey encouraged participants to focus on effective English language pedagogical practices they believed to be either integrated or missing in the textbooks. Findings from this research indicate that participants perceive the textbooks as effective overall for teaching receptive skills (reading and listening) and highly ineffective for supporting students in developing speaking skills. More specifically, the perceived weakness of the materials is the lack of meaningful speaking activities contextualized to the reality of the target student population. Another result reveals that respondents find the textbooks to include level-appropriate activities and ample exercises to guide students in practising vocabulary and grammar. A key conclusion suggests that the presentation and drilling of linguistic structures and lexicon is heavily favored over oral practice grounded in real-life scenarios and relevant use of the language, which seems to contradict contemporary pedagogical theories that emphasize communication.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Akbari, R. (2008). Postmethod discourse and practice. TESOL Quarterly, 42(4), 641-652. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1545-7249.2008.tb00152.x

Alvarez, C., & Guevara, P. (2021). EFL teachers’ perceptions on using pedagogical modules in Ecuador: A focus group interview. Revista Chakiñan de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, (14), 42-56. https://doi.org/10.37135/chk.002.14.03

Brazil, D., Coulthard, M., & Johns, M. (1980). Discourse intonation and language teaching. Longman.

Brown, H. D., & Lee, H. (2015). Teaching by Principles: An interactive approach to language pedagogy (4th ed.). Prentice Hall Regents.

Cárcamo‐Morales, B. (2018). Types of listening comprehension promoted in the Chilean EFL textbook Global English. Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal, 20(1), 49–61. https://doi.org/10.14483/22487085.12313

Cárcamo-Morales, B. (2019). Readability and types of questions in Chilean EFL high school textbooks. TESOL Journal, 11(2) 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1002/tesj.498

Cheng, W., & Warren, M. (2007). Checking understandings: Comparing textbooks and a corpus of spoken English in Hong Kong. Language Awareness, 16(3), 190–207. https://doi.org/10.2167/la455.0

Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2018). Research methods in education (8th ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315456539

Crawford, J. (2002). The role of materials in the language classroom: Finding the balance. In J. C. Richards & W. A. Renandya (Eds.), Methodology in language teaching: An anthology of current practice (pp. 80-92). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511667190.013

Cunningsworth, A. (1984). Evaluating and selecting EFL teaching materials. Heinemann.

Ebrahimi, F. & Sahragard, R. (2017). Teachers’ perceptions of the new English textbooks in Iranian junior high schools. Journal of Asia TEFL, 14(2), 355-363. https://doi.org/10.18823/asiatefl.2017.14.2.12.355

Eyzaguirre, B., & Fontaine C., L. (1997). Por qué es importante el texto escolar. Estudios Públicos, 68, 355-369.

Garton, S., & Graves, K. (2014). Materials in ELT: Looking ahead. In S. Garton & K. Graves (Eds.), International perspectives on materials in ELT (pp. 270-279). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137023315_16

Gordon, R. (2023). Applied statistics for the social and health sciences (2nd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003314530

Goreloslagos. (2017). Gobierno Regional de Los Lagos: Región de Los Lagos, estadísticas – Población y superficie. https://www.goreloslagos.cl/region_lagos/est_poblacion_superficie.html

Griffee, D. T. (2018). An introduction to second language research methods: Design and data (2nd ed.). TESL-EJ Publications. https://www.tesl-ej.org/books/SLRM-2E.pdf

Hadley, G. (2018). Learning through textbooks. In A. Burns & J.C Richards (Eds.), The Cambridge guide to learning English as a second language (pp. 298-306). Cambridge University Press.

Harwood, N. (2016). What can we learn from mainstream education textbook research? RELC Journal, 48(2), 264-277. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033688216645472

Hidalgo, R. (Ed.). (2021). Student’s Book: High School English 2. Richmond Publishing.

Hutchinson, T., & Torres, E. (1994). The textbook as agent of change. ELT Journal, 48(4), 315–328. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/48.4.315

Hutchinson, T., & Waters, A. (1987). English for specific purposes: A learning-centred approach. Cambridge University Press.

Levis, J. M. (1999). Intonation in theory and practice, revisited. TESOL Quarterly, 33(1), 37–63. https://doi.org/10.2307/3588190

Lizasoain, A., & Vargas Mutizabal, J. (2023). Percepciones de los docentes de inglés chilenos acerca de los libros de texto utilizados en establecimientos escolares públicos y privados en Chile. Calidad en la Educación, (58), 35-68. https://doi.org/10.31619/caledu.n58.1274

Maijala, M. (2020). Pre-service language teachers’ reflections and initial experiences on the use of textbooks in classroom practice. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 11(2), 157–165. https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1102.03

McGrath, I. (2002). Materials evaluation and design for language teaching. Edinburgh University Press.

McGrath, I. (2013). Teaching materials and the roles of EFL/ESL teachers: Practice and theory. Bloomsbury. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781472542076

Ministerio de Educación, Centro de Estudios (2019). Estadísticas de la educación 2018. Publicación diciembre 2019. https://centroestudios.mineduc.cl/wp-content/uploads/sites/100/2019/11/ANUARIO-2018-PDF-WEB-FINALr.pdf

Ministerio de Educación (2023). Plan de reactivación educativa. Mineduc. https://www.mineduc.cl/plan-de-reactivacion-educativa-2023/

Mustafa, M., & Cullingford, C. (2008). Teacher autonomy and centralised control: The case of textbooks. International Journal of Educational Development, 28(1), 81-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2007.07.003

Muthén, B., & Kaplan, D. (1985). A comparison of some methodologies for the factor analysis of non-normal Likert variables. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 38(2), 171-189. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.20448317.1992.Tb00975

Naqvi S. (2022). Evaluation of secondary school EFL textbook used in public schools: A case of Oman. In The Barcelona Conference on Education 2022: Official Conference Proceedings (pp. 185-206). https://doi.org/10.22492/issn.2435-9467.2022.16

Nation, I.S.P., & Macalister, J. (2020). Teaching ESL/EFL reading and writing (2nd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003002765

Newton, J.M., & Nation, I.S.P. (2020). Teaching ESL/EFL listening and speaking (2nd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429203114

Olate, S., & Insotroza, R. (2020). Student's Book: English Get Real 3º y 4º Medio. Ediciones Rau & Bodenburg Limitada.

Olivera, M. P. (2016). Estudio de uso y valoración de textos escolares: Informe final. Ministerio de Educación de Chile; Oficina Regional de Educación para América Latina y el Caribe (UNESCO). https://www.curriculumnacional.cl/614/articles-70904_archivo_01.pdf

O’Neill, R. (1982). Why use textbooks? ELT Journal, 36(2), 104–111. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/36.2.104

Oxford, R. (2001). Integrated skills in the ESL/EFL classroom. ESL Magazine, 6(1), 20-22.

Pavié, A., Cárdenas, C., Vásquez, L., Lagos, P., & Bustamante, M. (2019). Política de textos escolares en Chile: criterios de elegibilidad y consideraciones didácticas. Opción, (90), 41-82.

Ramirez, R., & Cardenas, N. (2023). English pedagogy students' motivations towards the C1 Advanced Test as a tool to measure English language proficiency. RLA. Revista De Lingüística Teórica Y Aplicada, 61(1), 169-190. https://doi.org/10.29393/RLA61-7EPRN20007

Rea, L., & Parker, A. (2014). Designing and conducting survey research: A comprehensive guide (4th ed.). Jossey-Bass.

Richards, J. C. (2001). The role of textbooks in a language program. Cambridge University Press.

Richards, J. C. (2021). Curriculum development in language teaching (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009024556

Richards, J. C., & Renandya, W. A. (Eds.) (2002). Methodology in language teaching: An anthology of current practice. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511667190

Tomlinson, B. (2001). Materials development. In R. Carter & D. Nunan (Eds.), The Cambridge guide to teaching English to speakers of other languages (pp. 66–71). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511667206.010

Tomlinson, B. (2003). Developing Materials for Language Teaching. Continuum International Publishing Group.

Thornbury, S. (2015). Review of the book English language teaching textbooks: Content, consumption, production, by N. Harwood (Ed.). ELT Journal, 69(1), 100–102. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccu066

Ur, P. (2021). A course in language teaching: Practice and theory (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009024518

Warner, R. M. (2013). Applied statistics: From bivariate through multivariate techniques (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.

Downloads

Published

2025-01-01

How to Cite

Ramirez Draughn, R. M., Saldivia Cárcamo, T. A., & Cárdenas Tamburini, N. I. (2025). A study case in southern Chile: perceptions of EFL teachers towards textbooks to develop macro-skills. Cuadernos De Investigación Educativa, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.18861/cied.2025.16.1.3837

Issue

Section

Articles